Assessment of the Impact of Oral Diseases on Oral Health-related Quality of Life among Institutionalized Elderly using Oral Health Impact Profile-14: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: India is in a state of demographic transition with a geriatric population of about 80 million, which constitutes
7.2% of the total population. Poor oral health exerts a negative impact on the quality of life of geriatric population. Hence,
the present study was conducted for the assessment of the impact of oral disease on daily activities and quality of life among
the institutionalized elderly in Bareilly city. Materials and Methods: For the present study, a total of 100 patients were
purposively selected from two old age homes through convenience sampling technique. Basic oral health survey form (1997)
was used to assess the oral health status of the subjects and oral health-related quality of life using short version of oral health
impact profile (OHIP-14). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS, 16. Independent t-test and ANOVA test were done to
determine the relationship between the groups.

Results: Independent t-test revealed that the presence or absence of grossly
decayed teeth, chronic periodontitis, based on edentulism, and remaining sound teeth status produced no significant differences
in any of the domains. Females experienced greater impact of oral diseases than males in mean OHIP-14 score; however, it
was non-significant (P = 0.45).

Conclusion: Oral health status of the institutionalized elderly in Bareilly city is poor, with
edentulism and periodontitis. The impact of oral diseases on the lives of the elderly is relatively low and is non-significant.
Key words: Elderly, Oral health impact profile-14, Oral health-related quality of life, Impact of oral diseases