Prevalence of Dental Anomalies using Cone-beam Computed Tomography: An Institutional-based Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: Dental anomalies, which affect the number, size, shape, or structure of teeth, can be accurately identified using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), a low-radiation imaging modality that aids in precise treatment planning.

Aim: using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), a low-radiation imaging modality that aids in precise treatment planning. Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim to assess the prevalence of dental anomalies using CBCT.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted using 495 CBCT images to assess the prevalence of dental anomalies in different age groups and gender and also the common types anomalies. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to investigate potential differences in the prevalence of dental anomalies.

Result: Of the 495 CBCT scans, 217 (43.84%) were males and 278 (56.16%) females, with a mean age of 37.68 ± 16.24 years. Patients <18 years comprised 5.25%, whereas
94.75% were ≥18 years. No significant association was found between dental anomalies and gender (P = 0.550) but a significant association existed with age (P = 0.047). The most common anomaly was impacted tooth (15.58%), followed by rotated tooth (12.32%), whereas anodontia and dentinogenesis imperfecta were the least common (0.20% each). Anomalies were categorized by shape (32.32%), position (27.28%), number (9.49%), size (3.43%), and structure (1.01%).

Conclusion: The prevalence of dental anomalies varies across different regions and among age group and gender. The most common dental anomaly was an impacted tooth, followed by rotated tooth.

Key words: Cone beam computed tomography, Dental anomalies, Developmental disorders, Prevalence